Tuesday, August 14, 2018

AUSTRALIAN FASCISTS / COLD WAR / REDFERN INSPIRATION/ POETS / UNIVERSITY DISSENT

Published annually   by  University of  Queensland  students , the above   weather battered   1945 edition    of  Galmahra , Aboriginal  for   "spokesman of a tribe ", recently  hit  the  desk  and  led  to   a  follow up  of  interest   .  Historian Sally Percival Wood   , in Dissent The Student Press  in 1960s Australia , pointed out that  Brisbane,  rather surprisingly , took the lead in  acknowledging  Aboriginal people  when  in 1921   the university publication  was  named  Galmahra . 

She went on to  write  that its  first editor, Percy Reginald "Inky" Stephensen , covered previously in this  blog  in  connection with  Gandhi,  D. H. Lawrence   and   Australian   author  Xavier  Herbert who wrote the award winning novels   Capricornia and Poor Fellow My Country ,  had challenged censorship and  the  university's  authority by  publishing two pages  of erotic poems by Jack  Lindsay in   Galmahra , the   magazine  withdrawn .

Galmahra, she added , had  eventually been  replaced by  Semper Floreat ,on which  author  David Malouf and  Zell Rabin had been  co-editors .  Rabin  moved to Sydney , worked as a  reporter  on The  Sun,  went to   New York  for  Rupert Murdoch,  with  whom  he  had  a  close  association .    
 
The editor of the above  1945 production of Galmahra  ,  A. M. Hertzberg,  member of a prominent Queensland  Hebrew  family ,  wrote  that   all editors  are inveterate preachers. Readers must  decide  if   Galmahra   was   provocative   and original ..."There is poetry and prose , some factual and imaginative; much about the sombre sweetness of  death, the  dark agonies  of  love, and  the ugliness  of  life. "

As a  central  theme  for the publication,  tolerance would   be perfect , the magazine standing for  the  whole student body , the nucleus  of  educated  youth . The magazine would  be the  student body's  "spokesman" if it be  coherent and representative  only  when   all  had  " ungummed  our  minds . " 
 
In the past , he said , the magazine had been criticised   for a lack of humour; it was easy to see why  in the last few  years  that serious topics had largely  exceeded the  frivolous in number. ..." We are living in one of those periods when a multitude of problems , shelved for years, cry out for  solution. Men start to think earnestly . Humour in wartime-the kind that people in Britain  displayed  and men in the field everywhere -is usually what  Leacock  called  'brave defiance in adverse  fate '. Humour is an essential  quality ; it should be at hand to ward  off  stolidity , but it  functions best  in  less urgent  times." 

The magazine included    three  poems by Thea Astley, who became  a prominent  author ,   a  review of  the recently  published  100 poems of Kenneth Slessor and a short  poem , Redfern Reminiscences , in  which  the  poet , identified as   Moss , looked at the slum area of  Sydney , a  sight  enough to make one  shudder and flee , yet ...
Fascism-What  it Means 
This  is  the  title on a   two page  contribution   by  George Watson, later a prominent  linguist , writer   and  scholar ,  who  graduated    in  English   at the University of  Queensland   in 1948 , went to  Cambridge , where he became a lecturer  in  English  in  1959. His piece in Galmahra ended thus :

Fascism is a political disease , most Australians are agreed , because  under its rule unpopular ideas are imposed upon the  masses  without their approval . The disease is moreover  highly  infectious; in  thirty years it spread to  Germany,Italy, Austria, Spain, Russia (to name only the  leading victims ), and it found a  foothold  in  France and  England .

And what of Australia? Are there minority groups  striving to gain unconstitutional  power, academicians  who deny  the "one man one vote "principle, or any who agitate   for strong  rule to "make miners and other disruptive elements toe the  line "? That  is  for  you  to judge . 
   
Watson  contributed to  the Cold War intellectual  publication, Encounter,which was funded by the Central Intelligence Agency and  MI6.  Wikipedia states he argued that  Hitler was  a Marxist, and that socialism promoted genocide .

Also, he featured in the conservative documentary  The Soviet Story  in 2008 in which he claimed  Karl Marx was responsible for coming up with the idea of genocide. He was criticised  for  this . It  was  claimed  Watson's views were based on  mistranslation  and distortion  reflecting  his  ideological bias. 

According to Wikipedia, the  translation of Völkerabfälle as "racial trash" lay at the centre of this , with defenders of Marx and Engels saying that a proper translation would  be "residual fragments of  peoples".

Active in the British Liberal Party ,  Watson stood for election  and   was treasurer of the  Cambridge University Liberal Party from 1978 to  1992 ;  he died  in 2013  , aged  85 , and  left  nearly one  million  pounds  to  the Liberal  Democrats .